• The New European Robotics Hackathon

    Visit the latest European robotics event.
    Test your robot systems.
    Be part of the community.

    ENRICH - The New European Robotics Hackathon
  • Realistic Environments

    The NPP in Zwentendorf, Austria,
    completely built but never activated,
    now offers excellent training conditions.

    ENRICH - Realistic Environments
  • Radiological and Nuclear Threats

    How can your system cope with a real RN disaster scenario?
    Find it out in Summer 2025.

    ENRICH - Radiological and Nuclear Threats

Welcome to ENRICH 2025

The European Robotics Hackathon

Test and Evaluate CBRNE Robotic Response Equipment in a Real World Full Scale Nuclear Facility

 
ENRICH is the world's first and only robotics trial that gives you pure and unspoiled real world scenarios for testing. In Summer 2025 we will provide you with a full blown Hazardous Materials Incident Response Operation – including finding real radiation sources, mapping challenging environments and/or manipulating radioactive material. Designed and guided by practitioners, made for the users, the industry and the R&D sector and all in the spirit of open-sciences & open-research.

European Robotics Hackathon - Open Science, Open Access and Open Research

About ENRICH - The European Robotics Hackathon

ENRICH - A new Robotics Competition

Incidents such as Fukushima, Majak or Chernobyl as well as the decommissioning and dismantling of old nuclear facilities (e.g. Sellafield, Asse or Murmansk) have taught us that the use of robotics technology has clear advantages. There are many measurement and sampling tasks too risky for humans to carry out. For these radiological and nuclear (RN) scenarios specialized robot systems have to be developed. However, although there is a strong need for such solutions, for the near future no market-ready systems can be identified. Together with several partners, the European Robotics group decided to transfer the already well-established hackathon idea from the field of software development into the robotics world – and would like to announce:

The 5th European Robotics Hackathon

—  EnRicH 2025  —

Zwentendorf Nuclear Power Plant (NPP)
Sonnenweg 1, 3435 Zwentendorf an der Donau, Austria

Coordinates: 48° 21’ 16” N, 15° 53’ 5” E

Taking place June 30th - July 4th, 2025

This Robotics Hackathon is intended to bring together roboticists on the one hand and RN professionals & specialists on the other hand. To give a better insight into possible robotic applications for radiological and nuclear tasks the event will be accompanied by a R&D workshop. As common for software hackathons ENRICH will contain a contest element as well, in which a panel of judges selects the winning teams. However, our main goal is to foster the development of robotic solutions for the RN domain. So, if you are interested in an exciting event in a unique environment – you are cordially invited to attend!


Please keep in mind that ENRICH is

  • not organised as a competition but as a trial,
  • a strictly non-profit activity and
  • strictly R&D oriented.
Therefore it offers the unique opportunity for companies to demonstrate equipment in a non-competitive environment and for users to see the systems perform in current real-world scenarios.


Visitors are welcome but have to register in advance! For more information please see below.


NEW since 2021: A dedicated radiation detection and mapping scenario scenario especially for UAVs will be offered. Like for the UGVs the task is to provide a digital 3D map of the area and a digital radiation map. So, you are cordially invited to participate with your UAVs, either in combination with a UGV or as a pure UAV team.

ENRICH Robotic Trial - The Scenario

Realistic
Environment

Realistic
Task

Realistic
Challenges

The Environment

The boiling water reactor of the Zwentendorf Nuclear Power Plant (NPP Zwentendorf) is the world’s only nuclear power plant which has been completed but never put into operation. In Zwentendorf areas are easily accessible which in other NPPs can only be visited under severe difficulties. In an active nuclear power plant extensive safety precautions are needed for human personnel due to the high level of radioactivity. Instead, in the NPP Zwentendorf engineers have transformed the plant and turbine halls into a training centre. Repair and dismantling measures but also critical incidents and disaster scenarios can be trained under realistic conditions.

ENRICH Robot Trial - Zwentendorf Nuclear Power Plant (NPP)
NPP Zwentendorf, Austria

The Challenges

Expect the typical interior of a power plant with elements like: low or no light, closed doors, dead ends, sharp turns, blockings, steep stairs and narrow passages; see example images. Have a look at the official virtual tour through NPP Zwentendorf for a good impression.

Expect major difficulties for any kind of communication approach due to massive concrete walls and metal interiors.

Due to the active radiation sources inside the scenario nobody is allowed to accompany the robot(s). However, the scene will be equipped with cameras, allowing some basic supervision from outside. Additionally, Austrian radiation protection officials will ensure that there is no danger caused by the RN radiation, neither for team members nor for the robot systems!

A single run will last about 30 minutes plus some additional time to put the system into an operational state. So no time for debugging and online coding during the run; instead simply sign in for the next free time slot.

ENRICH Trial - scenario example 1
NPP interior example
ENRICH Trial - scenario example 2
NPP interior example

The Tasks

Naturally, a nuclear power plant contains areas which cannot be safely entered by human personnel. On the one hand due to inherent radiation in some areas, on the other hand due to technical problems or accidents. The later case might lead to an unpredictable and uncontrolled radioactive contamination. In any of these cases a robotic system offering the ability to do remote exploration and manipulation would be very helpful.

ENRICH 2025 offers three different categories:

Mapping – There are two (separate) exploration tasks. First, radiation should be detected, measured and marked inside a digital map. Second, a digital 3D map of the area of interest has to be built.
Manipulation – The manipulation task is divided into two sub-tasks. First, identify a specific pipe containing radioactive coolant. Second, close the corresponding valve.
Search & Rescue (SAR) – In the search and rescue task we will provide dummies spread throughout the building. These have to be found, the positions should be marked in the map, and - if possible - the dummies should be moved to a safe area.

Teams can choose to work on any combination of these three tasks. One or more robots may be used.

NEW since 2021: A dedicated radiation detection and mapping scenario scenario especially for UAVs will be offered. Like for the UGVs the task is to provide a digital 3D map of the area and a digital radiation map. So, you are cordially invited to participate with your UAVs, either in combination with a UGV or as a pure UAV team.

ENRICH Trial - 3D indoor map example
3D indoor map example
ENRICH Trial - Arbitrary RN map example
Arbitrary RN map example
ENRICH Trial - valve examples
Example of pipes and valves

The Schedule

This is a first preliminary schedule for the event, please check regularly for updates.

Sat/Sun
28/29 June
Monday
30 June
Tuesday
1 July
Wednesday
2 July
Thursday
3 July
Friday
4 July
Event setup
Arrival of participants
0900-1700
Opening ceremony
(incl. mandatory
safety instructions!)
0900-1000
Setup and testing
outdoor & inside the scenario
0900-1700
Competition day 1
0900-1730
Competition day 2
0900-1500
Bundle up &
Departure
0800-1200
  Setup and testing
outdoor & indoor
1000-1700
Testing
with RN sources
outdoor
1000-1500
VIP day
1100-1400
Award ceremony
1530-1600
 
  Scenario tour for participants
1630-1730
Press attendance and demos
1000-1700
  Farewell
1600-1800
 
  Ice Breaker
1800-2000
Group photo
with all participants
1730-1800
     
    Barbecue
1800-2100
     

The Rules

According to the overall Hackathon idea, first and foremost ENRICH is not searching for the ultimate winning team. Instead, we would mainly like to offer the possibility to test your system in a realistic setting and under challenging conditions. Thus, we tried to reduce the official regulations to a minimal set of rules:

  • Each team gets its own working area for preparation (table, benches, electrical power, wireless internet) for the whole duration of the event
  • There is one scenario with different tasks (exploration, manipulation, search & rescue); teams may freely choose to work on any combination of these; the UAVs and UGVs start from the same point but have to explore different areas
  • There will be no pre-assigned time schedule; teams simply sign in for free time slots
  • Participants shall use their own RN sensors. Instructions how to build your own radiation detector for the scenario can be found using "PIN Diode Geiger Counter" as input for your favourite search engine, see example
  • All robots must be prepared to mount one of our GoPro™ cameras for documentation purposes
  • During the event the organisers collect photo and video material and claim the right for publication, see below
  • The organisers will document each team's human-robot-interface and grab and display the output of the Operator Control Unit(s)
  • The 3D result maps should preferably be textured/colourised/RGB-D point clouds readable and displayable by the CloudCompare software
  • All participants have to pass any collected sensor data (in ROS bag format) to the organisers for online publication since this an open-sciences & open-research event

In the likely case of further questions please feel free to contact the organisers directly via the official POC.

Paperwork

The main focus of this Robotic Hackathon is testing and improving your robots, networking and community building – not competing against other participants like in many other robotic events. Thus, we do not have hundreds of pages of detailed rules and regulations. There is, however, some remaining paperwork every team has to deal with in order to register and take part in ENRICH:

  • Team Application (incl. Liability Statement) & Photograph, Video and Documentation Release Form) (Document will follow...)
  • Team Information (Document will follow...)
  • Every team member must carefully read the Radiation Protection Instructions. (Document will follow...)

ENRICH Robotic Competition - Participants

Visitors

Everybody is cordially invited to attend ENRICH as a visitor. But please be aware that everyone has to register in advance in order to enter the premises:

  • Visitor Accreditation Sheet (Document will follow...)
  • Every visitor must carefully read the Radiation Protection Instructions! (Document will follow...)

Teams

You can find a list of registered teams as well as their selected tasks below:

                                 3D Mapping Rad. Mapping UAV Exploration Manipulation Search & Rescue
           
           
           
           
           

Click on the team names to get detailed team information.

Judges

A team of honorary judges forms the jury for ENRICH. This Judge Team accompanies the whole event, mediates in the case of differences and misunderstandings, and assesses the systems' performance. The Judge Team consists of experienced RN professionals as well as reputable members of the robotics community. Members of the ENRICH Judge Team are:

Results

ENRICH is not meant to be a competition in the first place. There is no ranking system, no numbers collected, no result lists and no high-score. However, the Judge Team will have a close look at all presented systems and evaluates each participant's performance. At the end of the event special awards will be handed over to the best-performers in the following three categories:

  • "3D Mapping"
    3D mapping of the scenario's interieur
  • "Radiation Mapping"
    Mapping of the radiation distribution within the scenario
  • "UAV Exploration"
    3D and/or radiation mapping of a special UAV-only part of the scenario
  • "Manipulation"
    Identification of contaminated pipes and closing of the corresponding valves
  • "Search & Rescue"
    Finding missing workers and moving them out of the hazardous area

To get an impression of the achieved results and presented approaches during former events visit the websites of EnRicH 2023, 2021, 2019 or 2017. Or have a look at the picture galleries on Flickr ('23, '21, '19, '17) or the videos on YouTube ('21, '19, '17).

ENRICH Organisers

Fraunhofer FKIE

The Cognitive Mobile Systems Department of the Fraunhofer Institute for Communication, Information Processing and Ergonomics FKIE is working in the area of unmanned systems for more than 20 years now. Our main expertise is the development and evaluation of complex human-robot systems, with a special focus on CBRNE and nuclear & radiological reconnaissance.

The FKIE

European Robotics

European Robotics aims to bridge the gap between HAZOPER (Hazardous Materials Incident Response Operations) users, industry and research with a special focus on the field of ground robotics. European Robotics is a cooperation between representatives from the users community, industry and the research community and is strictly organized on a non-profit basis. All its activities are carried out on a purely honorary and complimentary basis.

European Robotics

European Robotics

Idea

European Robotics aims to bridge the gap between HAZOPER (Hazardous Materials Incident Response Operations) users, industry and research in the field of ground robotics.

Nowadays industry plays the "leading" role in robotics in the sense that it often defines the robotic capabilities available. Many times this results in more or less standard robots being introduced into the HAZOPER without very thoroughly defined functional requirements.

This might be an appropriate approach for those cases where the users have no vision themselves on how to use robotic support in HAZOPER. But many users do have a view of their own on their desired use of robotics. These views are often characterised by short-term objectives and a limited understanding of technical issues.

Research instead has usually no short-term objective and often fails to provide practical applications. Ignoring scientific results, however, prevents interesting and innovative developments. Industry, especially medium-sized enterprises, should use research to fertilise their strategic development process.

So, many times there is a gap between the industry's understanding of robots needed, the appliance of research results and the HAZOPER users' understanding of robot technology as well as the technical feasibility of their requirements.

European Robotics aims to solve this situation by bringing together users, industry and researchers.

European Robotics

Organisation

European Robotics is a co-operation between representatives from the users community, industry and the research community.

  • Users
    These are (future) professional users of ground robots that are designed for HAZOPER. These tasks are generally outdoor tasks in unstructured or urban terrain with specific threats and accuracy requirements.
  • Industry
    These are designers and manufacturers of integrated ground robots focusing on HAZOPER.
  • Research
    These are universities and other research institutes focusing on partial solutions relevant for HAZOPER, like sensor technology or outdoor navigation algorithms.

European Robotics is a non-profit organisation! All its activities are carried out on a purely honorary and complimentary basis.

Links

The European Robotics group would like to draw your attention to the following robotics-related websites:

  • www.ieee-ras.org
    The IEEE Robotics and Automation Society's objectives are scientific, literary and educational in character. The Society strives for the advancement of the theory and practice of robotics and automation engineering and science and of the allied arts and sciences, and for the maintenance of high professional standards among its members.
  • www.russianrobotics.ru
    The Robototechnika Program has been implemented since autumn 2008 by the Volnoe Delo Foundation in partnership with the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation and the Agency for Strategic Initiatives. Its man content is an All-Russian system of engineering and technical competitions for children and young people in the field of high technologies, culminating in the All-Russian robotic festival "RoboFest".
  • www.eu-robotics.net
    euRobotics AISBL is a Brussels based international non-profit association for all stakeholders in European robotics. euRobotics builds upon the success of the European Robotics Technology Platform (EUROP) and the academic network of EURON, and will not only continue the cooperation but will also strengthen the bond between members of these two community driven organisations. Thus, leading towards the establishment of only one sustainable organisation for the European robotics community as a whole.
  • www.robotics.uni-bonn.de
    Robotics at the University of Bonn has a long history and the probabilistic robotics methodology has been and is a central element in the line of research here. Currently, there are multiple research groups that actively pursue robotics research in Bonn and collaborate closely: the Autonomous Intelligent Systems Lab, the Humanoids Robots Lab and the Lab for Photogrammetry.

We would also like to express our gratitude to one of the major supporters of this and former EnRicH events:

  • www.fabianvogl.com
    Whether photography, videography or aerial shots - with compact and efficient equipment the German photographer Fabian Vogl offers an elegant solution for convincing image reports with minimal effort and maximum results. He creates compelling press shots, comprehensive event photography, highlight videos, interviews and image films - without disturbing the actual events with his presence. Apart from the examples on his own website you can get an impression of his work from the ELROB 2022, EnRicH 2021 and EnRicH 2019 best-of picture collections.

Contact

Dr. Frank E. Schneider
Address:
Fraunhoferstr. 20
53343 Wachtberg
Germany
Tel:
+49 228 9435 481
Fax:
+49 228 9435 16 481
Email:
enrich (at) fkie.fraunhofer.de
Affiliation:
Cognitive Mobile Systems Department (CMS)
Fraunhofer Institute for Communication, Information Processing and Ergonomics FKIE

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3667-8222

Reaserch Gate: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Frank_Schneider3

LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/frankeschneider

Google Scholar: http://scholar.google.com/citations?user=LXB6ER0AAAAJ&hl=en

Web of Science ResearcherID: H-4835-2011
https://www.webofscience.com/wos/author/record/33324367

Scopus Author ID: 35957037300
http://www.scopus.com/inward/authorDetails.url?authorID=35957037300&partnerID=MN8TOARS

DBLP: https://dblp.org/pid/53/2133.html

Loop: https://loop.frontiersin.org/people/891606/overview

Deutsche Nationalbibliothek: https://d-nb.info/gnd/1034968319

Books & Book Chapters

1. A. Kräußling, F. E. Schneider, and D. Wildermuth, A Switching Algorithm for Tracking Extended Targets. Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics II (ICINCO), Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, 2007, pp. 117-128.

2. F. E. Schneider, A. Kräußling, and D. Wildermuth, Tracking Methods for Relative Localisation, Robot Motion and Control . Recent Developments, Lecture Notes in Control and Information Sciences 335, Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, 2006, pp. 301-313.

3. L. E. Parker, F. E. Schneider, and A. C. Schultz (Eds.), Multi Robot Systems: From Swarms to Intelligent Automata, Volume III. Proceedings from the 2005 International Workshop on Multi Robot Systems. Kluwer Academic Press, 2005.

4. A. C. Schultz, L. E. Parker, and F. E. Schneider (Eds.), Multi Robot Systems: From Swarms to Intelligent Automata, Volume II. Proceedings from the 2003 International Workshop on Multi Robot Systems. Kluwer Academic Press, 2003.

5. W. Burgard, M Moors, and F. E. Schneider, Collaborative Exploration of Unknown Environments with Teams of Mobile Robots. In: M. Beetz, J. Hertzberg, M. Ghallab, and M. E. Pollack (Eds.): Advances in Plan-Based Control of Robotic Agents, vol. 4266 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer, 2002.

Journals & Magazines

1. F. E. Schneider and D. Wildermuth, Influences of the Robot Group Size on Cooperative Multi-Robot Localisation . Analysis and Experimental Validation. To be published in the TAROS 2011 special issue of Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 2012.

2. F. E. Schneider, D. Wildermuth, B. Brüggemann, and T. Röhling, European Land Robot Trial (ELROB) . Towards a Realistic Benchmark for Outdoor Robotics, AT&P Journal plus, vol. 2, HMH s.r.o., Bratislava, 2010, pp. 97-102.

3. F. E. Schneider and D. Wildermuth, An Application of Relative Localisation for Multi-Robot Navigation. Optoelectronics, Instrumentation and Data Processing (Avtometriya), vol. 42, no. 5, Allerton Press, New York, 2006, pp. 110-120.

4. F. E. Schneider and D. Wildermuth, Directed and Non-Directed Potential Field Approaches to Formation Navigation, Optoelectronics, Instrumentation and Data Processing (Avtometriya), vol. 42, no. 5, Allerton Press, New York, 2006, pp. 98-109.

5. F. E. Schneider, D. Wildermuth, and A. Kräußling, Discussion of Exemplary Metrics for Multi-Robot Systems for Formation Navigation, International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems, vol. 2-4, 2005, pp. 345-353.

6. W. Burgard, M. Moors, C. Stachniss, and F. E. Schneider, Coordinated Multi-Robot Exploration, IEEE Transactions on Robotics, vol. 21, no. 3, 2005, pp. 376-386.

7. D. Wildermuth and F. E. Schneider, A Vision-based Approach for Maintaining a Common Co-ordinate System for a Group of Robots based on Vision, Robotics and Autonomous Systems, vol. 44, no. 3-4, 2003, pp. 209-217.

8. J. Grosche and F. E. Schneider, Robotik - Anspruch und Wirklichkeit. In: IT-Report 2002.

9. J. Buhmann, W. Burgard, A. B. Cremers, D. Fox, T. Hofmann, F. E. Schneider, J. Strikos, and S. Thrun, The Mobile Robot RHINO. AI Magazine, vol. 16, no. 2, 1995, pp. 31-38.

Conference Papers

1. F. E. Schneider, D. Wildermuth and H.-L. Wolf, Professional Ground Robotic Competitions From an Educational Perspective . A Consideration Using the Example of the European Land Robot Trial (ELROB), to be published in: Proceedings of the 6th IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Systems (IS.12), Sofia, Bulgaria, 6.-8. September 2012.

2. F. E. Schneider, J. Welle, D. Wildermuth, and M. Ducke, Unmanned Multi-Robot CBRNE Reconnaissance with Mobile Manipulation, to be published in: Proceedings of the 13th International Carpathian Control Conference (ICCC), Podbanské, Slovak Republic, 28.-31. May 2012

3. F. E. Schneider and D. Wildermuth, Evaluating the Effect of Robot Group Size on Relative Localisation Precision. In: R. Groß et al. (Eds.): TAROS 2011 . Proceedings of the 12th Annual Conference Towards Autonomous Robotic Systems, Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 6856, Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, pp. 149.160, 2011.

4. F. E. Schneider and D. Wildermuth, Results of the European Land Robot Trial and Their Usability for Benchmarking Outdoor Robot Systems. In: R. Groß et al. (Eds.): TAROS 2011 . Proceedings of the 12th Annual Conference Towards Autonomous Robotic Systems, Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 6856, Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, pp. 408-409, 2011.

5. D. Wildermuth and F. E. Schneider, A Validation of Localisation Accuracy Improvements by the Combined Use of GPS and GLONASS. In: R. Groß et al. (Eds.): TAROS 2011 . Proceedings of the 12th Annual Conference Towards Autonomous Robotic Systems, Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 6856, Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, pp. 374-375, 2011.

6. M. Brunner, F. Höller, A. Königs, T. Röhling, F. E. Schneider, A. Tiderko, D. Schulz, and D. Wildermuth, The FKIE Robot System for the European Land Robot Trial 2011, 5th International IARP Workshop on Robotics for Risky Interventions and Environmental Surveillance-Maintenance (RISE 2011), Leuven, Belgium, 20.-21. June 2011

7. F. E. Schneider and D. Wildermuth, An Autonomous Unmanned Vehicle for CBRNE Reconnaissance. 12th International Carpathian Control Conference (ICCC), Velke Karlovice, Czech Republic, 25.-28. May 2011.

8. F. E. Schneider, T. Röhling, B. Brüggemann, and D. Wildermuth, CBRNE reconnaissance with an unmanned vehicle . a semi-autonomous approach. 2nd IFAC Symposium on Telematics Applications (IFAC-TA), Timi.oara, Romania, 5.-8. October 2010.

9. F. E. Schneider, D. Wildermuth, B. Brüggemann, and T. Röhling, European Land Robot Trial (ELROB) . Towards a Realistic Benchmark for Outdoor Robotics. 1st International Conference on Robotics in Education (RiE), Bratislava, Slovakia, 16.-17. September 2010.

10. T. Röhling, B. Brüggemann, F. Höller, and F. E. Schneider, CBRNE Hazard Detection with an Unmanned Vehicle. IEEE International Workshop on Safety, Security, and Rescue Robotics (SSRR), Denver, Colorado, 3..6. November 2009.

11. B. Brüggemann, T. Röhling, H.-L. Wolf, and F. E. Schneider, European Land Robotic Trial 2008 (ELROB) . A Realistic Benchmark for Outdoor Robotics. Conference on Autonomous Robot Systems and Competitions, Castelo Branco, Portugal, Mai 2009.

12. F. Höller, D. Schulz, M. Moors, and F. E. Schneider, Accompanying Persons with a Mobile Robot using Motion Prediction and Probabilistic Roadmaps, International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), San Diego, California, 29. October . 2. November 2007.

13. S. Sehestedt and F. E. Schneider, Monte Carlo Localization in Highly Symmetric Environments. 3rd International Conference on Informatics and Control, Automation and Robotics (ICINCO), Setubal, Portugal, 1.-5. August 2006.

14. A. Kräußling, F. E. Schneider, and S. Sehestedt, Tracking multiple objects using the Viterbi algorithm. 3rd International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics (ICINCO), Setubal, Portugal, 1.-5. August 2006.

15. F. E. Schneider and D. Wildermuth, An Application of Relative Localisation for Multi-Robot Navigation. 2nd IASTED International Conference on Automation, Control, and Applications (ACIT-ACA), Novosibirsk, Russia, 20.-24. June 2005.

16. F. E. Schneider and D. Wildermuth, Directed and Non-Directed Potential Field Approaches to Formation Navigation. 2nd IASTED International Conference on Automation, Control, and Applications (ACIT-ACA), Novosibirsk, Russia, 20.-24. June 2005.

17. F. E. Schneider and D. Wildermuth, Experimental Comparison of a Directed and a Non-Directed Potential Field Approach to Formation Navigation. 6th IEEE International Symposium on Computational Intelligence in Robotics and Automation (CIRA), Espoo, Finland, 27. 30. June 2005.

18. A. Kräußling, F. E. Schneider, and D. Wildermuth, A Switching Algorithm for Tracking Extended Targets. 2nd International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics (ICINCO), Barcelona, Spain, 14.-17. September 2005.

19. F. E. Schneider, D. Wildermuth and A. Kräußling, Discussion of Exemplary Metrics for Multi-Robot Systems for Formation Navigation. 6th Conference .Towards Autonomous Robotic Systems. (TAROS), London, UK, 12.-14. September 2005.

20. A. Kräußling, F. E. Schneider, and D. Wildermuth, Tracking Expanded Objects Using the Viterbi Algorithm. IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Systems (IS 2004), Varna, Bulgaria, 22.-24. June 2004.

21. A. Kräußling, F. E. Schneider, and D. Wildermuth, Tracking of Extended Crossing Objects Using the Viterbi Algorithm. 1st International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics (ICINCO), Setubal, Portugal, 25.-28. August 2004.

22. F. E. Schneider, A. Kräußling, and D. Wildermuth, An approach to active sensing using the Viterbi algorithm. 7th International Symposium on Distributed Autonomous Systems (DARS), Toulouse, France, 23.-25. June 2004.

23. F. E. Schneider, M Moors, and D. Wildermuth, Methods and experiments for hazardous area activities using a multi-robot system. IEEE 2004 International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA), New Orleans, USA, 26. April - 1. May 2004.

24. F. E. Schneider and D. Wildermuth, Using an Extended Kalman Filter for Relative Localisation in a Moving Robot Formation. 4th International Workshop on Robot Motion and Control (RoMoCo.04), Puszczykowo, Poland, 17.-20. June 2004.

25. F. E. Schneider, M. Moors, D. Wildermuth, and A. Kräußling, Relative position estimation in a group of robots. IEEE, International Conference on Methods and Models in Automation and Robotics (MMAR), Mi.dzyzdroje, Poland, 30. August - 2. September 2003.

26. F. E. Schneider and D. Wildermuth, A potential field based approach to multi robot formation navigation. IEEE International Conference on Robotics, Intelligent Systems and Signal Processing (RISSP), Changsha, Hunan, China, 8.-13. October 2003.

27. M. Moors, F. E. Schneider, and D. Wildermuth, Estimating a Relative Co-ordinate System for a Group of Robots. 6th International Conference on Climbing and Walking Robots and the Support Technologies for Mobile Machines (CLAWAR), Catania, Italia, 17.-19. September 2003.

28. B. Trouvain, H.-L. Wolf, and F. E. Schneider, Impact of autonomy in multi-robot systems on teleoperation performance. In: A. C. Schultz, L. E. Parker, and F. E. Schneider (Eds.), Multi Robot Systems: From Swarms to Intelligent Automata, Volume II. Proceedings from the 2003 International Workshop on Multi Robot Systems. Kluwer Academic Press, 2003, pp. 253-264.

29. D. Wildermuth and F. E. Schneider, Maintaining a Common Co-ordinate System for a Group of Robots based on Vision. IEEE International Conference on Robotics, Intelligent Systems and Signal Processing (RISSP), Changsha, Hunan, China, 8.-13. October 2003.

30. F. E. Schneider, and D. Wildermuth, A potential field based approach to multi-robot formation navigation. 1st European Conference on Mobile Robotics (2003), Radziejowice, Poland, 4. 6. September 2003.

31. D. Wildermuth and F. E. Schneider, Maintaining a Common Coordinate System for a Group of Robots based on Vision. 7th International Conference on Intelligent Autonomous Systems (IAS 7), Marina del Rey, California, 25.-27. March 2002.

32. F. E. Schneider and B. Trouvain, Forschungsarbeiten im Projekt .Experimentelles Mensch-Mehrrobotersystem., Symposium .Robotik. of the Bundesakademie für Wehrverwaltung und Wehrtechnik (BakWVT), Mannheim, Germany, 10. December 2002.

33. F. E. Schneider and D. Wildermuth, Motion co-ordination for formations of multiple mobile robots 3rd International Conference on Field and Service Robotics (FSR), Helsinki, Finnland, 11.-13. Juni 2001.

34. B. Trouvain and F. E. Schneider, Multimodal Human-Robot Interaction using a Laserpointer and Speech, 4th European Workshop on Advanced Mobile Robots (EUROBOT.01), Lund, Sweden, 19..21. September 2001.

35. B. Trouvain, F. E. Schneider and D. Wildermuth, Integrating a multimodal human-robot interaction method into a multi-robot control station. 10th IEEE International Workshop on Robot-Human Interactive Communication (ROMAN), Bordeaux and Paris, France, 18. 21. September 2001.

36. D. Wildermuth and F. E. Schneider, Erzeugung eines gemeinsamen Koordinatensystems für eine Gruppe von Robotern auf der Basis von Bildverarbeitung, 16. Fachgespräch Autonome Mobile Systeme (AMS), Karlsruhe, Germany, 20.-21. November 2000.

37. F. E. Schneider, D. Wildermuth, and H.-L. Wolf, Concept of a man-machine-interface for a human-multi-robot-system, 1st International Conference on Mechatronics and Robotics (M&R 2000), St. Petersburg, Russia, 22.-26. May 2000.

38. F. E. Schneider, D Wildermuth, and H.-L. Wolf, Konzept einer Mensch-Maschine-Schnittstelle für ein Mensch-Mehrrobotersystem. Conference .Robotik 2000., Berlin, Germany, 29. 30. June 2000.

39. F. E. Schneider, D. Wildermuth, and H.-L. Wolf, Motion co-ordination in formations of multiple mobile robots using a potential field approach, 5th International Symposium on Distributed Autonomous Robotic Systems (DARS), Knoxville, Tennessee, 4.-6. October 2000.

40. F E. Schneider and D. Wildermuth, Simulation von Mehrrobotersystemen. 13. Fachgespräch Autonome Mobile Systeme (AMS), Stuttgart, Germany, 6.-7. October 1997.

41. F. E: Schneider and K.-P. Gärtner, Mensch-Mehrroboter-Systeme im Bereich autonomer mobiler Systeme. Deutsch-Französischer Workshop .Robotik", Ludwigshafen, Germany, June 1997.

42. F. E. Schneider, K.-P. Gärtner, and D. Wildermuth, Einsatz einer verteilten Simulation beim Entwurf von Mensch-Mehrroboter-Systemen. Symposium .Neue Technologien in der wehrtechnischen Simulation. of the Bundesakademie für Wehrverwaltung und Wehrtechnik (BakWVT), Mannheim, Germany, 30. September - 2. October 1997.

43. F. E. Schneider and K.-P. Gärtner, Teleoperation with compressed motion pictures sequences, 27th International Symposium on Industrial Robots (ISIR), Milano, Italia, 6.-8. October 1996.

44. F. E. Schneider, K.-P. Gärtner, and D. Wildermuth, Simulation eines autonomen unbemannten Landfahrzeuges, Symposium .Neue Technologien in der wehrtechnischen Simulation. of the Bundesakademie für Wehrverwaltung und Wehrtechnik (BakWVT), Mannheim, Germany, 3.-5. June 1996.

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